Jonas Phillips: A Jewish Voice for American Freedom

As Americans commemorate the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence in July 2026, it is fitting to remember Jonas Phillips, an Ashkenazi Jewish immigrant whose life embodied both the promise and the challenges of religious liberty in the new nation.

From Germany, Phillips arrived in the American colonies in 1756 as an indentured servant in Charleston, South Carolina. Like many immigrants seeking opportunity, he began with few resources and faced the uncertainty of starting a new life in an unfamiliar land. Yet through perseverance and determination, he built a successful career as a merchant and eventually settled in Philadelphia, home to one of the largest Jewish communities in colonial America. He and his Sephardic wife, Rebecca, helped found Congregation Mikveh Israel, an Orthodox Sephardic community in Philadelphia. The couple had twenty-one children, some of whom became prominent characters in American history, and even purchased and preserved Thomas Jefferson’s estate – Monticello. The Jewish grave of Jonas Phillips’ daughter, Rachel Phillips Levy, can be visited at Monticello.

When the American Revolution began, Phillips embraced the Patriot cause. He supported independence, served in the local militia, and believed deeply in the revolutionary ideals of liberty and equality. However, as a Jew, he understood that those ideals had not yet been fully extended to all Americans.

In 1787, while delegates gathered in Philadelphia to draft the United States Constitution, Phillips wrote a remarkable petition to George Washington and the Constitutional Convention. He objected to religious tests that excluded Jews and other non-Christians from public office, as one had to attest to the authority of the New Testament to serve. He urged the creation of a government that protected freedom of conscience for all citizens. His appeal reflected the hopes of many religious minorities who sought equal participation in American civic life.

Although Phillips did not live to see every barrier removed, his advocacy helped shape the American commitment to religious liberty. The Constitution’s prohibition against religious tests for federal office became a landmark guarantee of equal citizenship.

Two hundred fifty years after the Declaration of Independence, Jonas Phillips reminds us that the American story includes the voices of Jewish immigrants who helped transform the promise of freedom into a broader reality. His journey, from indentured servant to respected merchant and advocate for religious equality, stands as a testament to the enduring Jewish contribution to the American experiment.

Was the New Testament Inspired by God or Rome?

Every good Christian knows, the New Testament has many parallels or typology to the Old Testament. Christians believe the New Testament is inspired by the Holy Spirit and is the inerrant word of God. Many passages found in the New Testament seemingly quote the Old Testament, although, after careful-study, most of these quotes have been altered, out of context, or just plain in error unbeknown to the average Christian. Nevertheless, it is common for Christians to notate the parallels of both the Old and New Testament to explain and prove the New Testament must be inspired by the Holy Spirit. But what if that same method of typology could prove that the New Testament wasn’t inspired by God, but rather, inspired by the Emperors of Rome, who believed they were God?

While still identifying as a Christian and after my quest to thoroughly study the prophets of the Hebrew Bible as well as the Messianic prophecies, I found myself questioning the legitimacy of the New Testament. I penned an article with my questions and findings, which you can read here. During that period of my research, I found it alarming to discover the gospels were written not just several decades after Jesus allegedly lived and died, but last of all the New Testament books. Like many Christians, I suppose I assumed the books of the New Testament were written in chronological order. Upon discovering the Gospels were written last, I found it doubtful the disciples of Jesus would be alive numerous decades later, or could accurately recall events a plethora of years earlier, and suspicious none of them scribed their names to any of the Gospels, not to mention the gospels are written in Greek, not Hebrew/Aramaic, the would-be language of Jesus’ alleged disciples. Nor did I understand why such critical documents if they indeed are the word of God would be written in Greek when all of the Hebrew Bible is written in Hebrew or Aramaic and the prophets state in Zephaniah 3:9 the pure language (of Hebrew) will one day be restored (to the entire world) so all people will know and be able to call on the name of God (inferring the Jews already know the name of the LORD and how to call upon Him and it is in Hebrew, not Greek).

Since then, in addition to realizing Jesus does not fit the criteria of a messiah according to the Hebrew Bible, I stumbled upon an interview of a prosecuting attorney, who authored a book called Creating Christ: How Roman Emperors Invented Christ. Consequently, I purchased and read the detailed book, which prompted me to research Roman history from that period. Indeed, this author, as well as others such as Joseph Atwill’s Caesar’s Messiah provide compelling and overwhelming evidence that the Gospels, in particular, but also the Book of Acts may have been inspired by the Flavian Dynasty and penned, at least in part, by Josephus, the captive and apostate Jewish historian for the Flavians.

In the approximate 300 pages of the thought-provoking book, Creating Christ, the authors compiled over 30 years of their compelling research presenting the strong possibility and uncanny parallels of events that transpired between Emperor Vespasian, born as Titus Flavius Vespasianus, and his son, Emperor Titus, collectively known as the “Flavian Dynasty”, and the eerily similar accounts of God the Father and God the Son duo found in the Gospels. The Father-Son duo of Vespasian and Titus acted in unity to win the affection of the eclectic people of the Roman Empire while promoting syncretism of numerous cultures and faiths throughout the Empire as well as the concept of “peace on earth”, all the while quelling and conquering anyone who rebelled like the Torah-observant, militant Jews of Judea-specifically, in Jerusalem. Titus, in particular, was deified, meaning made himself into an official god-in-the-flesh, and even presented himself as the Jewish Messiah. According to the historical research presented throughout the book, the goal of Rome was to convince the non-compliant Jews to compromise their faith and identity and submit to the hybrid of many known beliefs throughout the Roman Empire, which eventually became known as Christianity. Additionally, the authors prove how several turn-coat Jews denied their faith and heritage and not only aided the Flavians and the Roman army in seizing control of Jerusalem as well as the temple in 70 A.D., but then the traitorous Jews, having been armed with Torah scrolls, likely drafted propaganda quoting Jewish Scriptures to help convince zealous Jews they ought to worship, submit, and serve the Roman Emperor and join his imperial cult. One such traitorous Jew was Josephus, who perhaps to save his own neck upon being captured prophesized Vespasian would be Emperor. In time, Josephus became adopted by the Flavians and was richly rewarded as he recorded the events of the Flavian Dynasty. Fascinatingly enough, both the authors of Creating Christ and Caesar’s Messiah report several common themes found in the Gospels and Josephus’ documentation of the Flavians such as Josephus documented Vespasian and Titus performed miracles such as spitting in their hands and healing the blind (John 9:6) or feeding a plethora of people, or how Titus was 33 when he made his triumphant entry into Jerusalem, and it was 40 years later he destroyed the Jewish Temple, or how Vespasian was short and his father was a tax collector (like Zacchaeus in Luke 19:2-3), all similar parallels to what the Gospels report pertaining to Jesus and his interactions. Similarly, there are some parallels of Josephus’ life woven into the Gospels such as three of his friends were crucified, but one was revived similar to how Jesus was allegedly crucified alongside two others but was “resurrected” aka revived. Additionally, Romans, including their Emperors, were known to be quite debaucherous while the Jesus of the Gospels is persuading the Torah-observant Jews to overlook adultery when a woman was caught (see John 8), not to mention Jesus encouraged his followers to be sure to pay their taxes imposed by Emperor Vespasian (because they were Jewish)-(see Matthew 22). Other modern scholars authored books, such as Caesar’s Messiah and Operation Messiah, and also detailed various parallels or typology between various stories of the Gospels as well as the Book of Acts and the Flavians or other Emperors throughout Roman history. Moreover, it is known by scholars that the earliest writings of the Gospels were penned during or shortly after this Flavian era, several decades after Jesus allegedly lived and died. In other words, scholars are conveying the Gospels and even parts of the Book of Acts, are likely to be fables inspired by various acts of Emperors as well as weaving in both Jewish and Greek culture into the New Testament to synchronize and unify the various faiths throughout the Empire into a one-world-religious-Roman-order.

Additionally, it is a known fact the New Testament has interpolations, meaning added phrases and additions, to support man-made church doctrine (such as the trinity). Similarly, the one and only brief historical reference regarding a “Jesus” in that era was written by the turn-coat Josephus and even that is disputed as an interpolation (added later). The name Jesus was a popular name and is even found in the Talmud describing different people of different eras. Nevertheless, let’s say, an actual “Jesus” may have existed in the 1st Century A.D. Perhaps he was a type of peace-loving Reform Jew and Rabbi, who gained some Jewish followers. What if Rome, having liked what they heard about Jesus, opted to expand on and fabricate the Jewish Jesus to their benefit in order to quell militant Jews and gain their allegiance? Such a concept is not far fetched when one studies the great lengths Emperors of Rome or the Roman Catholic Church would do to elevate themselves and their ideologies – just study how Caligula, an Emperor prior to to the Flavian Era, made some of his own soldiers appear to be British captives while parading his alleged prisoners through the streets of Rome to make the people think Caligula conquered Brittania when he hadn’t. Or how several centuries later, post-Flavian era, the Roman Catholic Church re-purposed the pagan festival of Saturnalia and called it Christmas in order to convert more pagans. It doesn’t take much research to discover, Rome has a long documented history of marketing propaganda to achieve their purposes of unity, power, and control.

Furthermore, Valliant and Fahy, authors of Creating Christ, extract details often overlooked by Christians or former Christians, including myself, within the Gospels and the Book of Acts highlighting how Jews are constantly painted as evil whereas Rome is portrayed as fair, reasonable, and honorable mediators, who ought to be trusted and obeyed. The authors also extract the Apostle Paul’s writings of notable imperial people listed throughout the New Testament to suggest the Apostle Paul was aiding Rome in relaying their propaganda. For example, in Philippians 2:25-30, Paul sings the praises of Epaphroditus and implored the people of Philippi to embrace him. Epaphroditus was the Roman Secretary or Administrator, who helped Nero, an earlier Emperor, commit suicide, as well as served the Flavians. In other words, Epaphroditus was an elite in the Roman court and evidently, buddies with Paul. Josephus also wrote about Epaphroditus and their great comradery as former religious Jews who both served the Roman Empire, specifically the Flavians. Paul seems to also be one of the persuaded, former religious Jews who purported the Roman Empire’s goal of synchronism as he emulated Torah’s criteria of a false prophet in Deuteronomy 13 and instead convinced (and still convinces) his readers to abandon Torah (Book of Galatians) and submit to Rome (Romans 13). Notice Paul writes in the closing of his letter to the Philippians (of the Roman Empire) in Philippians 4:22, “All the saints greet you, but especially those who are of Caesar’s household.” inferring he is well acquainted with those close to Caesar, if not Caesar himself. Hence, dropping names like Epaphroditus. Perhaps this is why Paul insisted Caesar hear his case in Acts 25:10-12. (Note: Caesar is a title meaning Emperor derived from the days of Julius Caesar)

In summary, while I wouldn’t necessarily agree with everything conveyed in the book, the authors of Creating Christ provide an overwhelming amount of evidence, even much not discussed in this article, to create a reasonable doubt to the authenticity of a historical Jesus as described in the Gospels while supporting the likelihood that the Gospels may have been inspired by acts of Vespasian, Titus, and other Roman Emperors, as well as the urgent need to quell Torah-observant, religious, militant Jews in addition to hybridizing various religious beliefs of Greeks and Jews into a one-world-order of the Roman Empire.

Regardless of how the New Testament came about and progressed into the most popular religion of our day, it was evident to me prior to reading these books, the New Testament is not inspired by God, but was allowed by God as a test (Deuteronomy 13). As for me, I will stick to the Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible, and serve only the God of Israel, not the god or opinion of Rome or any other.

Shalom and blessings!

For Unto Us Jesus Is Born? Understanding Isaiah 9:6

Every Christmas season, Isaiah 9:6 is quoted in churches around the world as one of the clearest prophecies of Jesus. Many Christians are familiar with the familiar wording:

“For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given…”

For years, I accepted that interpretation without question. As a Christian, I assumed Isaiah was predicting the birth of Jesus approximately seven centuries before the events described in the New Testament. However, when I began studying the Hebrew text and examining the broader context of Isaiah, I discovered that traditional Jewish interpretation understands the passage very differently.

The issue is not whether Isaiah 9 is important. Both Judaism and Christianity recognize the significance of the passage. The question is whether Isaiah was describing a future messiah hundreds of years later or speaking about events unfolding in his own generation.

Reading Isaiah in Context

One of the most important principles of biblical interpretation is context. The Book of Isaiah was not written as a collection of isolated verses. Rather, it records prophetic messages delivered to real people facing real historical circumstances.

Isaiah chapters 7–12 are set during the reign of King Ahaz of Judah. The kingdom was facing a military threat from Aram (Syria) and the Northern Kingdom of Israel (Ephraim). The prophet Isaiah was sent to reassure Ahaz that these enemies would not ultimately prevail.

Isaiah 7 begins with a conversation between the prophet and King Ahaz. The king is frightened, and God instructs Isaiah to offer him a sign (Isaiah 7:10-11). The purpose of the sign is immediate and practical: to reassure Ahaz concerning the crisis facing Judah.

The sign Isaiah provides is found in Isaiah 7:14:

“Therefore the Lord Himself shall give you a sign: behold, the young woman is pregnant and is bearing a son, and she shall call his name Immanuel.”

In the Hebrew text, the woman is already pregnant or about to give birth. The prophecy is directed to Ahaz, not to people living centuries later. The child serves as a sign that before he reaches a certain age, the threatening kings will be removed (Isaiah 7:15-16).

From a Jewish perspective, the passage is therefore understood as referring to events within Isaiah’s own lifetime rather than predicting a future virgin birth.

The Meaning of Immanuel

Christians often point to the name “Immanuel” as evidence that the child was God incarnate because the name means “God is with us.”

However, Hebrew names frequently incorporate the name of God without implying that the individual is divine.

Examples include:

  • Elijah (“My God is YHWH”)
  • Isaiah (“Salvation of YHWH”)
  • Jeremiah (“YHWH exalts”)
  • Hezekiah (“YHWH strengthens”)

No one suggests that these individuals were themselves God. Rather, their names conveyed theological truths about God’s relationship with Israel.

Likewise, “Immanuel” communicates the message that God is with His people during a time of national crisis.

Isaiah 8 and the Continuing Sign

The context becomes even more interesting in the next chapter.

Isaiah 8 records another birth associated with Isaiah’s prophetic ministry. The prophet’s wife conceives and bears a son named Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz (Isaiah 8:1-4). Like the child of Isaiah 7, this child serves as a time marker connected to events unfolding in Isaiah’s own day.

Before the child reaches a certain age, the wealth of Damascus and Samaria will be carried away by Assyria.

This repeated pattern is significant. Throughout Isaiah 7 and 8, children are used as prophetic signs concerning contemporary events. The focus remains firmly on Judah’s immediate political situation rather than on events hundreds of years in the future.

Isaiah 9 and the Promised Child

When Isaiah 9 is read within this larger context, the chapter continues the theme of hope for Judah.

The Hebrew text is often translated differently than the familiar Christian rendering. A more literal reading of Isaiah 9:5 (9:6 in Christian Bibles) contains verbs in the past tense:

“For a child has been born to us, a son has been given to us.”

Rather than describing a future birth centuries later, the verse can be understood as celebrating a child already born or recently born.

Traditional Jewish commentators generally identify this child with King Hezekiah, the righteous son of Ahaz.

This interpretation fits the historical setting. Hezekiah became one of Judah’s most faithful kings and played a crucial role during the Assyrian crisis. Under his leadership, Jerusalem survived the Assyrian siege described in 2 Kings 18-19.

Understanding the Royal Titles

The titles found in Isaiah 9 have generated considerable debate.

Many English translations render them as:

Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.

From a Jewish perspective, however, these titles are often understood differently.

Hebrew names and royal titles frequently contain references to God. Rather than describing the child as God Himself, many Jewish commentators understand the verse as declaring what God has done or will do through the child.

This approach is consistent with numerous Hebrew names that incorporate divine attributes without assigning divinity to the individual bearing the name.

The broader context also favors a royal successor in the line of David rather than a divine incarnation. Isaiah is describing God’s preservation of Judah through the Davidic dynasty during a period of national crisis.

The Messianic Question

Does Isaiah 9 speak about the Messiah?

Some Jewish commentators see messianic themes within the chapter because the Davidic kingdom ultimately points toward the future redemption of Israel. However, even among those who acknowledge messianic implications, the passage is not viewed as predicting a divine messiah or a virgin birth.

Traditional Judaism expects the Messiah to accomplish specific tasks described throughout the Hebrew Scriptures.

According to passages such as Isaiah 2:1-4, Isaiah 11:1-9, Jeremiah 23:5-8, Ezekiel 37:21-28, and Zechariah 14, the Messiah will:

  • Gather the dispersed of Israel.
  • Restore the Davidic kingdom.
  • Bring worldwide knowledge of God.
  • Establish lasting peace among nations.
  • Lead humanity into an era of justice and righteousness.

Because these events have not yet occurred, Judaism does not identify Jesus as the Messiah foretold by the prophets.

My Personal Journey

As I began studying Isaiah in Hebrew and examining traditional Jewish interpretations, I was surprised by how different the text appeared from the way I had previously understood it.

I discovered that many passages commonly presented as messianic prophecies look quite different when read in their original context. Rather than beginning with the New Testament and reading backward into the Hebrew Scriptures, I found it helpful to let the Hebrew text speak on its own terms.

That process led me to appreciate the depth of Jewish biblical interpretation and the importance of studying Scripture within its historical and linguistic setting.

Whether one ultimately agrees with Jewish or Christian conclusions, Isaiah deserves to be read in context. The prophet’s message was first delivered to the people of his own generation, and understanding that original audience is essential to understanding the text itself.

The more carefully I studied Isaiah, the more convinced I became that Isaiah 9 is best understood as part of a message of hope to Judah during the days of Ahaz and Hezekiah rather than as a prediction of Jesus seven centuries later.

~ Carrie R. Turner, revised June 15, 2026

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Below are some related graphics I discovered online many years ago from unknown sources regarding gods that various ancient cultures believed were born on December 25th. I did not create the graphics nor confirm all the information presented on the graphics. Nevertheless, I found them interesting, and something I want to investigate further.

What Is the Torah Portion & Haftarah About?

Did you know when Jesus / Yeshua read Isaiah 61 in the synagogue on Shabbat (Sabbath/Saturday), which we can read about in Luke 4:16-30), He was reading from that specific week’s “Haftarah” portion? For thousands of years, those of the Judaism faith have read from the Torah and Haftarah. A major part of the Jewish worship service since the days of escaping Babylonian captivity (see books of Ezra & Nehemiah), is the public reading of the Torah.For the Jewish people learned the hard way while under Babylonian captivity to forsake God’s instructions will inevitably lead to physical and spiritual bondage. The Torah is the first five books of the Bible, also known as the Law, or God’s instructions for life. Each week, in today’s congregations of Judaism, Messianic Judaism, and many Hebrew Roots’ congregations read a certain portion of the Torah in their services. So the whole world (of those groups) is studying the same portions in unity. However, many years ago, circa 175 BC, when Antiochus Epiphanes conquered the temple, he outlawed the public reading of the Torah, replaced the holy artifacts with pagan gods within the temple, slaughtered pig, an unclean and abomination according to Leviticus 11, Deut 14, and Isaiah 65-66, as a means to mock God’s ordained sacrificial system, and even tormented and killed Jews for holding to their belief in the one true God and their desire to adhere to His laws. All of this was an “abomination of desolation”, which will happen again according to prophecies found in the Books of Daniel, Matthew, and Revelation. Consequently, the rabbis of those days researched and prescribed related passages of the Torah found in the Prophets to be read each week instead of the Torah during that tumultuous time. This became known as “Haftarah”, which means “conclude”. After that horrific time, the practice of reading from the Prophets stuck so today, passages called portions from the Torah and the Haftarah, which are related are read. In Messianic Judaism (and possibly Hebrew Roots too), related portions from the Brit Chadesha (Renewed/New Covenant) are read as well. This photo captures this week’s. The Torah portion’s title is selected from the first few words of the passage. You will notice all of these passages have to do with sending out (i.e. spies & apostles). I hope you had a peacful, wholesome #Shabbat!

Mom, Why Don’t You Say, ‘Happy Easter’ Anymore?

Earlier this afternoon on the Feast of Firstfruits / Passover (Leviticus 23:4-14), which happens to correspond with Easter this year, my teenage son, who lives in Maryland with his dad, sent me a text, ‘Happy Easter.’ I responded with, ‘Happy Firstfruits.’ While lounging in the cockpit on the back of our sailboat enjoying the blue skies and fair winds here in Texas, it is then my son and I transitioned from texts to an important phone conversation.

“Mom, Why don’t you say, ‘Happy Easter’ anymore?,” my soon to be 15 year old inquired.

“I’m happy to explain it to you, Christian, if you really want to know. But I should forewarn you, it will probably not be what you want to hear.”

After all, what kid, teenager or not, doesn’t want an Easter basket full of candy and other free goodies, right?!

After asking my son, Christian, if he remembered learning about Emperor Constantine in 6th grade when we did cyber school that year, I went on to tell him what the school’s curriculum did not share with us…

How Easter & Sunday Became Doctrines In The Church

Although Christians have been persecuted since shortly after Jesus’ death and resurrection, most of whom were Messianic Jews in the beginning, the Roman Emperor Constantine seemed to significantly alter church history – some for the better, but more for the worse.

  • 312 A.D.

In 312 A.D., Constantine experienced a vision of a cross in the sun, which he and his army interpreted as a vision pertaining to Jesus Christ. Up until then and even thereafter, Constantine had been a worshiper of various Roman gods, such as the Sun-god.

  • 313 A.D.

Most likely due to his vision, Constantine ended persecution of the Christians in 313 A.D. through the ‘Edict of Milan’. This act was the ‘for the better’, but below it gets far worse!

  • 321 A.D.

However, a few years later on March 7, 321 A.D., out of his love and worship for his false Sun-god, which the Roman people worshiped specifically on the 1st day of the week, as opposed to Jews and Christians that worshiped their God on the 7th day of the week, Constantine decided to order all businesses and activities, except certain agriculture, to cease on Sundays. Sunday, or ‘dies Solis,’ the day of the Sun, was declared the Roman day of rest in honor of their Sun-god. In doing so, the Emperor’s motive was to unify the God of the Holy Scriptures with the pagan, Roman sun-god, by decreeing everyone worship and rest the same day.

“Do not learn the way of the Gentiles…”

Jeremiah 10:2 (NKJV)

  • 325 A.D.

57435711_2290198001254441_6314683402180100096_nA few years after creating a day of rest to honor the Roman sun-god, the Emperor Constantine along with the Roman Catholic Church, in 325 A.D. at the famous ‘Council of Nicaea’, discussed and decided on many theological issues. It was at this summit, doctrines such as the ‘Trinity’ were established as well as the erroneous and poisonous virus of antisemitism still transmitted in churches today. In that meeting, the early church fathers along with the Emperor, decided ‘Easter’ should be celebrated rather than Passover, to purposely separate themselves from the Jews following ‘that evil way,’ which happens to be the only way, according to the Jewish Bible. Those attending this meeting, clearly, did not understand when Jesus said, ‘Do this in remembrance of Me,’ He and His disciples were doing Passover (Luke 22) not Easter.

Historical records tells us Constantine wrote the following edict:

 “It was, in the first place, declared improper to follow the custom of the Jews in the celebration of this holy festival, because, their hands having been stained with crime, the minds of these wretched men are necessarily blinded. By rejecting their custom, we establish and hand down to succeeding ages one which is more reasonable. …

“Let us, then, have nothing in common with the Jews, who are our adversaries. … Let us with one accord walk therein, my much-honoured brethren, studiously avoiding all contact with that evil way. They boast that without their instructions we should be unable to commemorate the festival properly. This is the highest pitch of absurdity. For how can they entertain right views on any point who, after having compassed the death of the Lord, being out of their minds, are guided not by sound reason, but by an unrestrained passion, wherever their innate madness carries them.”

“To sum up in few words: By the unanimous judgment of all, it has been decided that the most holy festival of Easter should be everywhere celebrated on one and the same day, and it is not seemly that in so holy a thing there should be any division.”

“And you shall not walk in the statues of the nation which I am casting out before you; for they commit all these things, and therefore, I abhor them…I am the LORD your God, who has separated you from the peoples.”

Leviticus 20:23-24 (NKJV)

  • 365 A.D.

Many years later, the Council of Laodicea made decisions regarding what day is the Sabbath. Keep in mind the Romans were used to resting on Sunday in order to worship the Sun-god.  This was their proclamation about the Sabbath – notice the virus of antisemitism continues to spread throughout the Roman Catholic Church in those days:

“Christians must not judaize by resting on the Sabbath, but must work on that day, rather honouring the Lord’s Day; and, if they can, resting then as Christians. But if any shall be found to be judaizers, let them be anathema from Christ” (Council of Laodicea, 29th Canon).

You’ll notice in that statement the Council of Laodicea essentially acknowledges the Jews have the seventh-day Sabbath as the correct, God-appointed day of rest, but out of the Romans’ hardened, prejudiced heart, they decreed believers must work on the Sabbath while Sunday, the day already designated as a day of rest to honor their false sun-god was more appropriate. It was in this verdict, many Christians, out of fear of persecutions and being shunned, adhered to this changing of God’s law.

“When the LORD your God cuts off from before you the nations which you go to dispossess, and you displace them and dwell in their land, take heed to yourself that you are not ensnared to follow them and that you do not inquire after their gods, saying, ‘How did these nations serve their gods? I also will do likewise.’ You shall not worship the LORD your God in that way…”

Deuteronomy 12:29-31 (NKJV)

  • Early 400’s A.D.

Augustine, a theologian of that era, had this to say:

“The holy doctors of the church have decreed that all the glory of the Jewish Sabbath is transferred to it [Sunday]. Let us therefore keep the Lord’s Day as the ancients were commanded to do the Sabbath” (Robert Cox, Sabbath Laws and Sabbath Duties, 1853, p. 284).

If you are interested in many more alarming facts coming directly from the Roman Catholic Church regarding their decision to change the Sabbath from the 7th day to the 1st day, click this link:

http://godssabbathtruth.com/catholicchurchchangedsabbathsunday.html

In regards to the term, ‘Easter,’ this is the English translation of the fertility goddess known as ‘Ishtar’ in the Babylonian culture, or ‘Eastra’ in the Anglo-Saxon culture, or ‘Astarte’ in the Canaan culture, or ‘Inanna’ in the Sumerian culture, or as ‘Venus’ in the Roman culture, or ‘Aprhodite’ in the Greek culture. Regardless of which culture, fertility and sex was the heart of this goddess and sacrifices were made to her around Pesach / Passover.

In the Babylonian culture, the people would sacrifice infants and use the baby’s blood to dye eggs – hence, the tradition of Easter eggs! Still want to dye eggs with YOUR babies? I didn’t think so. (source: https://www.ancient-origins.net/myths-legends/ancient-pagan-origins-easter-001571 and http://www.thinknot.net/easter.htm )

In summary, I pray the truths I shared with my son, not coincidentally named Christian, will guide him as he and others continue their faith journey with God and circumnavigate His course.

As for me and my boat, we will serve the LORD.

yahways